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» LymeNet Flash » Questions and Discussion » Medical Questions » Myelin Sheath- what it means to you

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Author Topic: Myelin Sheath- what it means to you
Tincup
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This may help explain why you are one sandwich short of a picnic sometimes.

And when they call you "fat-head"... you can tell them it MAY not apply in your case.

[Big Grin]


http://psych.athabascau.ca/html/Psych289/Biotutorials/1/myelin.shtml?sso=true


The Myelin Sheath of a neuron consists of fat-containing cells that insulate the axon from electrical activity.

This insulation acts to increase the rate of transmission of signals.

A gap exists between each myelin sheath cell along the axon.

Since fat inhibits the prop agation of electricity, the signals jump from one gap to the next.

Multiple sclerosis is characterized by patches of demyelination (destruction or loss of the myelin sheath) in the central nervous system.

The symptoms that result from this demyelination are determined by the functions normally contributed by the affected neurons.

Disruption of muscle control, speech and visual disturbances are common.

Advanced

The myelin sheath (a tubular case or envelope) gives the whitish appearance to the white matter of the brain.

Myelin cells are included in the category of Gail cells. Glial cells function to support the processes of neurons in a variety of ways.

The glial cells forming myelin sheaths are called oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system.

The gaps (approximately 1 micrometer wide) formed between myelin sheath cells long the axons are called Nodes of Ranvier.

Since fat serves as a good insulator, the myelin sheaths speed the rate of transmission of an electrical impulse along the axon.

The electrical impulse jumps from one node to the next at a rate as fast as 120 meters/second.

This rapid rate of conduction is called saltatory conduction. Myelinated axons are rare in the autonomic nervous system.

Invertebrates do not have myelinated sheaths.

--------------------
www.TreatTheBite.com
www.DrJonesKids.org
www.MarylandLyme.org
www.LymeDoc.org

Posts: 20353 | From The Moon | Registered: Jun 2004  |  IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
AliG
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Thanks TC-

I'll have to try reading this again later.
I think I may be experiencing a disruption of THOUGHT control. Think it could be related? [bonk]

--------------------
Note: I'm NOT a medical professional. The information I share is from my own personal research and experience. Please do not construe anything I share as medical advice, which should only be obtained from a licensed medical practitioner.

Posts: 4881 | From Middlesex County, NJ | Registered: Jul 2006  |  IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
njlymemom
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Tincup thanks - I too need to read this later. Having trouble processing info.

When I was being treated for MS, i was on Copaxone. My interpretation of the way this med works - very simply - is that it protects the myelin. I think it did protect this from the lyme that I unknowingly had.

I wonder if it will ever be used for us neuro lyme patients.

--------------------
This is NOT medical advice - and should NOT be used to replace your MD's advice. Info is only the opinion of those who publish the site.


The shortest way to do many things is to do only one thing at a time.

cb

Posts: 669 | From somewherebetweentherocks | Registered: Mar 2008  |  IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
Tincup
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Some days.. many days actually... I can't read this stuff either.

Here is the 2nd grade explanation.. which I often need drawn out for me if I am to "get it".

Picture this....

On the table you have a marble. Next to it you place a "pat" of butter. Next to the butter is another marble.

Make a long line using marble, butter, marble, butter.

Now... pretend you are an ant.

Your goal is to run as fast as possible across the top of the marble/butter line.

Duu duu duu duu duu duu duu doooo...

The starting pistol goes off and you haul across... slipping and sliding on the marbles and butter... right to the end!

14.2 seconds... a world record!!!! Yea!!!!

[Big Grin]

The next day you decide to try it again to see if you can beat your own record.

You get ready, set, go!!!!

But...

The butter has since melted in the 90 degree Florida sun!

OH NO Mr. Bill!

You hit that first marble at a full charge.. but you spin around and topple off because the butter isn't there to help guide you and help you slide though the line this time.

You pick yourself up and keep going.. and again... you fall sideways off the marble.

It takes you 23.52 minutes to do what you did the day before in 14 seconds!!!! NOT GOOD!!!

[Frown]

The marbles are your nerves. The butter is your myelin sheath.

You are good to go with the correct line up of marble, butter, marble, butter.

BUT... when the butter was no longer there to make the run smooth.... you, the ant ... stumbled ... and it took a lot longer to get to the other side.

The ant represents the signals heading to various muscles, tissues, organs, etc... to tell them what to do.

With Lyme disease, your butter is compromised or even destroyed... also like in MS patients.

When that happens... your signals go slip sliding around and do not make it to where they are headed easily... or quickly.

```````````````````````````````````````````````

Moral of the story...

[Big Grin]

--------------------
www.TreatTheBite.com
www.DrJonesKids.org
www.MarylandLyme.org
www.LymeDoc.org

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Geneal
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Heres an interesting fact regarding the myelin sheath.

Little girls are born with a thicker one than boys.

Thus, usually better fine motor control such as speech.

Around age 6 or 7 the boys sheath tends to "catch up".

Maybe why there are 5 little boys to every one little girl in Speech Therapy.

Speech is the most complex neurological age the brain/body can perform.

I think some days mine is MIA. [Smile]

Hugs,

Geneal

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njlymemom
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Geneal, thanks for this info. My oldest is now

18, however she did have speech delays and was

speech therapy for a few years.

I am pretty sure that she was born with lyme.

Not that this info is going to change anything

now, just another piece to the big picture that I

never thought of before.

--------------------
This is NOT medical advice - and should NOT be used to replace your MD's advice. Info is only the opinion of those who publish the site.


The shortest way to do many things is to do only one thing at a time.

cb

Posts: 669 | From somewherebetweentherocks | Registered: Mar 2008  |  IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
Marnie
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The myelin sheath is made from CHOLESTEROL.

Giving mice the hormone, Prolactin, spontaneously restored the myelin sheath (very recent research).

Prolactin levels often go UP in lyme...IMO...protective measure.

Bb's outer cell walls need the amino acids that make up cholesterol and it follows the "cholesterol pathway"...as does cholera.

It looks to be using OUR amino acids (certain ones) to build OspA, B, etc. - outer surface protein A, B, etc.

To eliminate a pathogen, we need to breakdown the cell walls OR inhibit their formation in the first place. That is how our own system AND antibiotics work. They impact the proteins in the outer cell walls. T cells lock onto these proteins and begin the destruction.

Osmotic pressure changes then kicks in to finish the job (once cell wall deficient).

Unfortunately, in hostile conditions, within 20 minutes Bb can "shape-change" and as we all know the cyst form is very difficult to penetrate.

Since we are all fighting multiple pathogens simultaneously ongoing...it is likely some infected with Bb could also be co-infected with whatever pathogen triggers MS symptoms.

Incidentally...70% of us carry H. Pylori (stomach ulcer) and it normally doesn't cause problems. That pathogen locks onto lactoferrin and fibrinogen.

H. Pylori is linked to asthma, glaucoma, uveitis, ocular rosacea, stomach cancer, etc.

UVB (blue wavelength) helps as does mastic gum...if H. Pylori is present.

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lymeHerx001
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Does this lead to neuropathy which I experience?
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Marnie
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More likely too much glutamate.

"Glutamate is the ``primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the human nervous system'' (Reviewed in Zhou et al., 2005), participating in a multitude of brain functions.

Over stimulation and activation of glutamate receptors as well as ``disturbances in the cellular mechanisms that protect against the adverse consequences of physiological glutamate receptor activation'' (Kowzikowski et al., 2001) have been known to cause neuron damage and death which has been associated with multiple neurological diseases (Reviewed in Zhou et al., 2005).

Due to the pure range of glutamate function and presence, it has been difficult to create glutamatergic drugs that do not negatively affect other necessary functions and cause unwanted side effects (Nagel et al., 2006)"

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lymeHerx001
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I had been taking L-glutamine the other day in order to stimulate my immune system and to help repair a supposed leaky gut, as well as heal the sinuses.


I started to get headaches and my sensitiviites got worse.

I read somewhere that Glutamine converts in the Glutate in the body when the amounts are there.

So how do we take this then if its only going to convert to glutmate?

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Marnie
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N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and l-glutamate activate membrane receptor that produce substantial

*permeation of Na+, K+ and Ca2+ through the neuronal membrane*.

Making Bb a happy camper.

See my post today on PDE and cGMP...plow your way thru it and try to understand.

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lymeHerx001
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Oh my God Marnie. Why cant the piracetam work like it used to so I can understand your language.
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Marnie
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Too much glutamate is being released.

To counter:

http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1664974

http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S003139550570064X


http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/full/25/13/3270

(read the last sentence in the abstract above..maybe why my sis is does not have neuro symptoms...she's on highest dose of Prozac.)

Google these words for more info.: reduce glutamate release.

If you go to the link I posted today re: PDE and cGMP...skip to the bottom where I try to give my interpretation of what is happening.

Bb triggers the synthesis of GMP...PDE splits it apart.

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lymeHerx001
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thank-you
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tickled1
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Is this reversible?
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Marnie
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Neuropathy reversible? Yes.

"Photobiomodulation Directly ***Benefits*** Primary Neurons Functionally Inactivated by Toxins"

The article talks about the use of far infrared light to heal.

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lymie_in_md
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I found another link to support Photobiomodulation benefits neurons inactivated by toxins:

http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/abstract/280/6/4761

--------------------
Bob

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lymeHerx001
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If I have no white spots in my MRI yet my feet still burn does this mean that the nueropathy is not coming from destruction of the myelin?
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