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» LymeNet Flash » Questions and Discussion » Medical Questions » The Pilgrims Should Have Been Thankful for a Spirochete

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Author Topic: The Pilgrims Should Have Been Thankful for a Spirochete
Marnie
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Fascinating easy to read history -

spirochetes "did in" the Indians (epidemic) prior to the Pilgrims.

"The more virulent the strain, the more the bacteria are drawn to blood cells. They *metabolize iron* to survive and secrete an enzyme enabling them to smash open a red blood cell and slurp up the sweet, sweet iron within."

http://tinyurl.com/neelk3q

Which brings up...

That spirochete cross reacts with Bb on WB tests.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8236777

Since spirochetes have been seen IN RBCs - emerging from (versus ATTACHED TO RBCs) via dark field microscopes...

are they Bb spirochetes OR one of the (8) known strains of

LEPTOSPIRA (which is also a spirochete)?

If your pet dog has acquired Leptospira and is asymptomatic, but licks itself after urinating and then licks you, theoretically, the disease could be transmitted from dog to human.

"The bacteria can enter the body through skin or mucous membranes (eyes, nose, or mouth), especially if the skin is broken from a cut or scratch."

http://tinyurl.com/pmx2kwk

What happens IF someone is given steroids PRIOR to abx. to clear Leptospira? Does that situation also lead to a severe case?


Like Bb, those spirochetes have ways to avoid the immune system:

"inhibit the three complement pathways"

http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/11/21/infdis.jit569.full

Whereas Bb looks to inhibit only the mannose binding lectin pathway via the p8 protein it picks up in the tick's saliva.


Rx's:

Mild leptospirosis is treated with doxycycline, ampicillin, or amoxicillin.

For *severe leptospirosis*, intravenous penicillin G has long been the drug of choice, although the third-generation cephalosporins cefotaxime and ceftriaxone have become widely used.

Alternative regimens are ampicillin, amoxicillin, or erythromycin.

Several other antibiotics may be useful—for example, broth microdilution testing has shown sensitivity to macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems —but clinical experience with these agents is more limited."

http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:EGfF-d7mSVUJ:http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/220563-treatment

Arthritis?

"•The anicteric form (without jaundice) may cause pneumonitis, arthritis, orchitis, cholecystitis, myocarditis, coronary arteritis, aortitis, aseptic meningitis and uveitis."

http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:t7w56GWbyB8J:http://patient.info/doctor/leptospirosis-weils-disease

It esp. looks to impact the kidneys - ultimately.

Testing (looking for it in urine):

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC263898/

Sexual transmission?

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2428802/

Intrauterine transmission?

Transmission among maintenance hosts is often direct and involves contact with infected urine, placental fluids, or milk.

http://tinyurl.com/qfaj43c

Appearance:

Leptospira are aerobic, gram-negative spirochetes that are fastidious, slow growing, and have characteristic

corkscrew-like motility.

(Same link as above.)

"This case was then diagnosed as Lyme disease with leptospirosis co-infection."

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20455410

[ 11-19-2015, 10:09 AM: Message edited by: Marnie ]

Posts: 9424 | From Sunshine State | Registered: Mar 2001  |  IP: Logged | Report this post to a Moderator
WPinVA
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Thank you for posting! Fascinating reading and so many parallels to Lyme. This line jumped out at me:

"The bacteria are too busy burrowing into tissue to be present in cerebrospinal fluid."

And I wondered why for the millionth time, so many doctors still rely on culturing spinal fluid to dx Lyme.

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Marnie
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This shouted out to me...

"This case was then diagnosed as Lyme disease with leptospirosis co-infection."

Leptospirosis MIGHT BE the spirochete that some see emerge FROM RBCs with a dark field microscope.

(I think Bb merely attaches to RBCs for the ride - to get to cells that have a nucleus with DNA and mitochondria.)

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