Marnie
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posted
Transfusion. 2006 Jul ;46:1168-77
"Photochemical treatment of plasma with amotosalen and long-wavelength ultraviolet light inactivates pathogens while retaining coagulation function."
Yasmin Singh, Lynette S Sawyer, Linda S Pinkoski, Kent W Dupuis, Jocelyn C Hsu, Lily Lin, Laurence Corash
The INTERCEPT Blood System, a photochemical treatment (PCT) process, has been developed to inactivate pathogens in platelet concen-trates.
These studies evaluated the efficacy of PCT to inactivate pathogens in plasma and the effect of PCT on plasma function.
Jumbo (600 mL) plasma units were inoculated with high titers of test pathogens and treated with 150 micromol per L amotosalen and 3 J per cm(2) long-wavelength ultraviolet light.
The viability of each pathogen before and after treatment was measured with biological assays. Plasma function was evaluated through measurement of coagulation factors and antithrombotic protein activities.
The levels of inactivation expressed as log-reduction were as follows: cell-free human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), greater than 6.8; cell-associated HIV-1, greater than 6.4; human T-lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I), 4.5; HTLV-II, greater than 5.7; hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus, greater than 4.5; duck HBV, 4.4 to 4.5; bovine viral diarrhea virus, 6.0; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, 5.5; West Nile virus, 6.8; bluetongue virus, 5.1; human adenovirus 5, 6.8; Klebsiella pneumoniae, greater than 7.4; Staphylococcus epidermidis and Yersinia enterocolitica, greater than 7.3; Treponema pallidum, greater than 5.9;
Borrelia burgdorferi, greater than 10.6;
Plasmodium falciparum, 6.9; Trypanosoma cruzi, greater than 5.0; and Babesia microti, greater than 5.3.
Retention of coagulation factor activity after PCT was expressed as the proportion of pretreatment (baseline) activity. Retention was 72 to 73 percent of baseline fibrinogen and Factor (F)VIII activity and 78 to 98 percent for FII, FV, FVII, F IX, FX, FXI, FXIII, protein C, protein S, antithrombin, and alpha2-antiplasmin.
PCT of plasma inactivated high levels of a wide range of pathogens while maintaining adequate coagulation function. PCT has the potential to reduce the risk of transfusion-transmitted diseases in patients requiring plasma transfusion support."
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Truthfinder
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quote:PCT has the potential to reduce the risk of transfusion-transmitted diseases ...
First of all, that just isn't good enough.
Second, I'll lay you odds that a Bb cyst will laugh at UV light, and especially if it is INSIDE a blood cell.
Tracy
-------------------- Tracy .... Prayers for the Lyme Community - every day at 6 p.m. Pacific Time and 9 p.m. Eastern Time � just take a few moments to say a prayer wherever you are�. Posts: 2966 | From Colorado | Registered: Dec 2005
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Marnie
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posted
Bb doesn't use iron...which is the heme in RBCs.
RBCs carry OXYGEN...Bb doesn't want a lot of oxygen. It is not a true anaerobe though...
It can survive in a LITTLE oxygen.
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treepatrol
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-------------------- Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. Remember Iam not a Doctor Just someone struggling like you with Tick Borne Diseases.
treepatrol
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posted
By the way {protected my butt} this makes me sick
it will just cyst up or turn into coccoid form when it gets threatend shheeeeeeeeessssssssssssssshhhhhhhhhhhhhh
-------------------- Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. Remember Iam not a Doctor Just someone struggling like you with Tick Borne Diseases.
3greatkids
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Member # 3838
posted
This article is form July 2006.
So,you are telling us that every Blood Bank is equipped w/ the (PCT) process?
These were studies,how long would it take to get this entire operation across the nation?Time and Big Money,I'm sure the Red Cross is ready to dig deep to cover for this.
(PCT) process,another money maker for the research/educational community.
I hope it would help...for the future of of children!!!!
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posted
There was a previous thread about UVB where LymeScience posted a journal article that concluded it did not kill Bb -- contradicts what Marnie has referenced.
Hubby has had 4 UVB treatments -- he did herx with these treatments. Do believe it worked somewhat on something, but may have been working on the Babs as that looks easier to kill if I am reading this study right.
Would actually like to try some of these treatments again, but they require a very large needle and can't be done through a PICC line -- also cost can range from $125 - 500 for each treatment depending on doc and number of times blood is passed through the ultraviolet light.
Sorry, but I do not think our blood supply is adequately protected by this or any of the other protocols currently in place.
Bea Seibert
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Marnie
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posted
Check out the DATE...
This appears to be a NEW technique.
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5dana8
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posted
Ditto on tree
It will just wall up & become a cyctic form when it feels threatened
-------------------- 5dana8 Posts: 4432 | From some where over the rainbow | Registered: Sep 2005
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Marnie
Frequent Contributor (5K+ posts)
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posted
UV is EXTREMELY powerful.
This is why some persons are so concerned about the ozone layer which protects us from this very, very powerful electromagnetic radiation.
In "real life"...
We are ALSO now using CO2 to destroy many pathogens...to sterilize things (like orange juice) instead of pasteurization which depletes many nutrients because of the high heat.
If you would RATHER take Flagyl which blocks a liver detox pathway and keeps ethanol/alcohol levels high -> altering the lipids in Bb's outer cell wall and changing who know what other lipids in us...
Go ahead.
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treepatrol
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quote:Originally posted by Marnie: Check out the DATE...
This appears to be a NEW technique.
I did hun it dosent work
-------------------- Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. Remember Iam not a Doctor Just someone struggling like you with Tick Borne Diseases.
some musing... never heard of amotosalen, but... i wonder if amotosalen, or a derivative(s) can be used parenterally, or orally; if not, then perhaps ex vivo treatment of blood with amotosalen and long wave u.v. nearly wipe out infections with susceptible organisms. the amotosalen might be dialyzable before returning the blood to the boddy, if it can't be in teh body.
if treponema pallidum is susceptible, other kinds spirochetes should be impacted, inclu. borrelia.
the degree of susceptibility, if any, of pleomorphic forms of spirochetes is a question.
intracellular microbes might not be susceptible if amotosalen is not an intracellulr agent, but eventually blood cells die, and so would exposed then to the immune sys.
if Bb is susceptible to amotosalen, perhaps a mix of this in dmso, topcially applied to the skin, would get Bb on connective tissue planes.
Posts: 2708 | Registered: Feb 2005
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posted
thought experiment: hypothetically,assuming all susceptible pathogens are hiding in red blood cells, only.
the life time of the average red blood cell is 90-120 days in a healthy person.
so, simplistically, using this number alone, would mean a minimum of 91 to 121 treatments.
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SForsgren
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posted
If I recall correctly, it was mentioned at the ILADS conference this past weekend that there are now reported cases of LD transmission from blood products.
I personally would not want any blood or blood produts under any circumstance.
I have enough microbes of mine own to deal with without having a host of others from somewhere else.
If someone wants to take the risk, that is their decision, but I do not believe that the blood supply is safe from transmission of LD.
-------------------- Be well, Scott Posts: 4617 | From San Jose, CA | Registered: Jul 2005
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-------------------- --Lymetutu-- Opinions, not medical advice! Posts: 96222 | From Texas | Registered: Feb 2001
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Marnie
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posted
Note: this combines amotosalen with UV light.
Amotosalen is a light-activated, DNA-, RNA-crosslinking psoralen compound, which is used to neutralise pathogens.
The INTERCEPT Blood System for platelets employs the unique properties of a specially developed molecule, amotosalen HCl, to irreversibly block the replication of DNA and RNA, preventing the proliferation of susceptible pathogens. Prior to transfusion, a removal process reduces residual amotosalen to trace levels.
Platelets are not inactivated by the crosslinking process because they are terminally differentiated and do not require nucleic acids to function.
Controlled Reaction
The interaction of amotosalen with DNA and RNA is highly specific and occurs with high frequency even at low concentrations of nucleic acids.
Once inside a pathogen, amotosalen docks in between the nucleic acid base pairs. Upon illumination with ultraviolet A (UVA) light, an interstrand crosslink is formed,"locking" the DNA or RNA together so that it can no longer replicate.
The reaction requires UVA light and will not continue in its absence.
Amotosalen is one of a group of photoactive compounds called psoralens which possess a unique three-ring fused structure. Naturally occurring psoralens can be found in a variety of plants and foods such as limes, celery, and parsnips.
Reports of medicinal use of psoralens to treat vitiligo and psoriasis in India date back to about 1400 BC.
Today, 8-methoxypsoralen plus UVA light (known as PUVA therapy) is widely used for the treatment of psoriasis [51, 52, 53], and
is approved as an ex vivo therapy for the control of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma [54, 55].
For decontamination of blood products, hundreds of psoralens were evaluated for their chemical and biological characteristics.
Amotosalen was selected for development based on its excellent activity against a wide variety of pathogenic viruses and bacteria while maintaining the functional properties of platelets.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Amotosalen photochemical inactivation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in human platelet concentrates
D. Pinna*, A. Sampson-Johannes�, M. Clementi��, G. Poli*�, S. Rossini, L. Lin� and E. Vicenzi*1
SUMMARY. A novel human coronavirus causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) emerged in epidemic form in early 2003 in China and spread worldwide in a few months. Every newly emerging human pathogen is of concern for the safety of the blood supply during and after an epidemic crisis.
For this purpose, we have evaluated the inactivation of SARS-coronavirus (CoV) in platelet concentrates using an approved pathogen inactivation device, the INTERCEPT Blood System. Apheresis platelet concentrates (APCs) were inoculated with approximately 106 pfu mL 1 of either Urbani or HSR1 isolates of SARS-CoV.
The inoculated units were mixed with 150 �M amotosalen and illuminated with 3 J cm 2 UV-A light. The viral titres were determined by plaque formation in Vero E6 cells. Mixing SARS-CoV with APC in the absence of any treatment decreased viral infectivity by approximately 0�5-1 log10.
Following photochemical treatment, SARS-CoV was consistently inactivated to the limit of detection in seven independent APC units. No infectious virus was detected after treatment when up to one-third of the APC unit was assayed, demonstrating a mean log10-reduction of >6�2.
Potent inactivation of SARS-CoV therefore extends the capability of the INTERCEPT Blood System in inactivating a broad spectrum of human pathogens including recently emerging respiratory viruses.
Plasma Exchange to treat one condition:
Transfusion. 2006 Oct;46(10):1693-704 A randomized, controlled Phase III trial of therapeutic plasma exchange with fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) prepared with amotosalen and ultraviolet A light compared to untreated FFP in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura CONCLUSION: The comparable results between treatment groups observed from this small trial suggest that TPE with PCT FFP was safe and effective for treatment of TTP.
PMID: 17002625
Plasma exchange after YOUR plasma is "hit" with the correct strength to destroy Bb?
Will this be the "future"?
Tree...
Don't just say, "It won't work." Tell me why, what proof do you have it won't?
They have specifically "targeted" Bb:
"Borrelia burgdorferi, greater than 10.6"
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trails
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posted
"will this be the future?? asked marnie
no because it is the present and the past. there have been cases of people who have transfusions for lyme --like a dialisis and/or treat with UV. It hasnt been very effective.
BECAUSE---
Bb does NOT like to stay in the blood. You already know this.
Just treating your blood will not treat the infection.
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treepatrol
Honored Contributor (10K+ posts)
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posted
quote:Originally posted by Marnie: Note: this combines amotosalen with UV light.
Amotosalen is a light-activated, DNA-, RNA-crosslinking psoralen compound, which is used to neutralise pathogens. Tree...
Don't just say, "It won't work." Tell me why, what proof do you have it won't?
They have specifically "targeted" Bb:
"Borrelia burgdorferi, greater than 10.6"
This will work only on the blood that is being treated with amotosalen & UV and only on spirochete Maybe if everything goes right. But what if this amotosalen dosent penetrate coccoid forms or Blebs??? those two forms are like a egg shell.
Put it this way Marnie would you take blood doanated from me into your body if there were blebs or coccoid forms in my blood??? Or even a treated spirochete?
for Borrelia burgdorferi, > 6.9. CONCLUSION: PCT inactivates high levels of a broad spectrum of pathogenic bacteria. The inactivation of bacteria in PLT concentrates offers the potential to prospectively prevent PLT-transfusion-associated bacteremia.
The question what do they mean by inactivates?
There answer is:
The {{inactivation of bacteria}} in PLT concentrates offers the potential to {{{prospectively}}}} prevent PLT-transfusion-associated bacteremia.
That dosent do much for me probaly reactivates in a week?
Heres some more interesting stuff on UVR
These studies addressed the hypothesis that UV radiation (UVR) could affect immune responses in mice infected with Borrelia burgdorferi.Immunity against the Lyme spirochete B. burgdorferi was studied in a marine model of UV-induced immune suppression. Borrelia-specific cellular and humoral responses were examined following immunosuppressive doses of UVR. Low-passage Borrelia were injected intradermally at the base of the tail following irradiation. At various time points after infection the blood was cultured for the presence of Borrelia and the serum analyzed for Borrelia-specific antibodies.
Two weeks after infection one hind-limb joint was cultured for the presence of spirochetes and the contralateral joint was examined histologically for arthritis formation. The results demonstrated that UV irradiation, administered at the site of infection or at a distant site, suppressed Borrelia-specific cellular and humoral responses in infected mice.
Suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity and antibody responses to UV was abrogated by administration of anti-interleukin (IL)-10 after UV irradiation. In addition, UV irradiation altered the dissemination pattern of the bacteria from the skin into the blood and exacerbated arthritis when compared with unirradiated controls.
From these studies we concluded that UV irradiation can modulate the immune response to Borrelia and exacerbate the subsequent arthritic component of Lyme disease in mice. Furthermore, our studies suggest that IL-10 is in part responsible for the suppression of both cellular and humoral responses in addition to playing a role in the development of Lyme arthritis.
-------------------- Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. Remember Iam not a Doctor Just someone struggling like you with Tick Borne Diseases.
stymielymie
Frequent Contributor (1K+ posts)
Member # 10044
posted
i think i'll go tan my babs and bb at the tanning booth.
does bb tan also??? does that make it a tan lyme or lymetan??
this is a very stupid article. red cross are the biggest crooks in the country.
they take blood you donate in good faith and sell it to other blood banks all over the country.
do you really think they care if there are pathogens in the blood?? if they can get $200 a unit, they don't give a damn and never did. i worked in blood bank for 4 years in dental school at night. we ran all the compatibility tests, but in the long run the doctor work give non-compatible blood 25% of the time.
we never tested for HIV,hepatitis, TB or any pathogens in 1975-1979 thing might be different now but blood trafficing is big business for Red Cross.
Blood safe?? Not I. i'll donate my own blood for surgery,before i would trust the SYSTEM1111
DOCDAVE
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treepatrol
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posted
Physical mapping of an origin of bidirectional replication at the centre of the Borrelia burgdorferi linear chromosome.
NIH, NIAID, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Laboratory of Microbial Structure and Function, 903 S. 4th St., Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
The Borrelia burgdorferi chromosome is linear, with telomeres characterized by terminal inverted repeats and covalently closed single-stranded hairpin loops. The replication mechanism of these unusual molecules is unknown. Previous analyses of bacterial chromosomes for which the complete sequence has been determined, including that of B. burgdorferi, revealed an abrupt switch in polarity of CG skew at known or putative origins of replication. We used nascent DNA strand analysis to physically map the B. burgdorferi origin to within a 2 kb region at the centre of the linear chromosome, and to show that replication proceeds bidirectionally from this origin. The results are consistent with replication models in which termination occurs at the telomeres after bidirectional, symmetrical elongation from the central origin. Sequences typical of origins of other bacterial chromosomes were not found at the origin of this spirochete.The most likely location of the replication origin of the linear chromosome is the 240 bp sequence between dnaA and dnaN where the switch in CG skew occurs.
-------------------- Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. Remember Iam not a Doctor Just someone struggling like you with Tick Borne Diseases.
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