Lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS) is packaged into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) via its interaction with Gag, and
this enzyme facilitates the selective packaging of tRNA3Lys,
***the primer for initiating reverse transcription, into HIV-1.***
Like HIV-1, Bb looks to need lysine too as well as methionine (!) to make its proteins with our help (as do WE, i.e. WE need lysine and methionine)
In HIV and Bb:
Lysyl-tRNA synthetase catalyses the formation of lysyl-transfer RNA, Lys-tRNA(Lys),
which then is ready to insert lysine into proteins.
Lysine is important for proteins since it is
one of only two
proteinogenic amino acids carrying an alkaline functional group.
If Bb needs lysine and needs - must have! - tryptophan 16 - which it incorporates ...
"Tryptophan 16 IN
alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase
is essential for its enzymatic function."
That is that enzyme that damages the precursor protein needed for vit.D to bind to our macrophages and help them do their job.
Why would it "export" tryptophan besides the above?
Look closely at the tryptophan-lysine "fight".
"Collagen contains hydroxylysine"...the MMP that breaks down collagen maybe helpful to Bb...Yum...lysine to help the liver make PC...
Bb has 2 main proteins...
Borrelia burgdorferi differs from many other bacteria in that it contains only two major membrane phospholipids: phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and *** phosphatidylcholine (PC)***
PC is part of our cell membranes too.
Our liver...
However, feeding a diet enriched in Lys (lysine) + Met (methionine) to rabbits was associated with
increased hepatic synthesis of phospholipids, and possibly also with the increased
conversion of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to
***phosphatidylcholine (PC)*** (Giroux et al. 1999, Kurowska and Carroll 1996).
This suggested that PC and PE could play a role in the regulation of lipoprotein metabolism by Lys + Met, especially because
PC is the main phospholipid required for assembly and secretion of
apo B-containing lipoproteins
(Yao and Vance 1988) and
because PC synthesis from PE utilizes methyl groups from Met (methionine).
Leaves us undermethylated?
Look very closely at all the ways Pycnogenol works.
Remember that p8 protein Bb picks up in the tick's saliva that helps it avoid the immune system's 1st step (mannose binding lectin)?
Well...
p8 (NUPR1 (nuclear protein-1), Com1 (candidate of metastasis-1)) is a protein related to the high mobility group of transcriptional regulators.
It is a key player in the cellular stress response and is involved in
metastasis.
p8 was first identified as a gene induced in pancreatitis but has been since found overex- pressed in several cancers and pathological conditions.
Despite its small size and apparently simple structure, p8 functions in several biochemical and genetic pathways, and
its expression is crucial for in vivo metastasis in mice,or
cytokine induction of
metalloproteases,
and for stress-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Understanding p8 functions will provide new opportunities for developing more effective therapeutic approaches to cancer and cardiovascular diseases."
As a result,p8 accumulates in the nucleus,where it functions as
transcriptional coregulator(e.g. for TNF-stimulated MMP9 and MMP13 transcription by resident cardiac ibroblasts)(10). Ub,ubiquitin; Lact.,lactacystin.
Upon supplementation with Pycnogenol in L-NAME-exposed mice, cardiac gene expression patterns for pro-MMP-2, -9, and -13, and MMP-9 activity were
significantly decreased,
associated with a significant increase in cardiac tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-4 expression.
IMO...the 3 supplements MIGHT be something worth trying AFTER you discuss it with your LLMD!
Posted by Razzle (Member # 30398) on :
So could the body itself be shutting down methylation as a means of blocking the methyl groups from "feeding" the Bb?
Or is it that methylation is slowed because Bb is stealing the PC and methyl groups because it likes them/uses them?
Could this be why I feel so horrible when I take PC as a supplement - it is "feeding" the Bb?
Posted by Marnie (Member # 773) on :
Since many here have HIGH cholesterol, I suspect (if you found my post linking a picture of the methylation cycle), I suspect the way the body is lowering homocysteine is from the middle of the picture upwards.
Taurine reduces cholesterol and we know glutathione looks to be low in lyme too, so from homocysteine down...ain't happening?
My daughter took 6 coconut oil capsules (twice what I suggested) and had to take Benadryl to counter.
So...she thought she was allergic.
OR...did she knock off a lot of yeastie beasties -> histamine response?
"Many species of bacteria and yeast contain the enzyme histidine decarboxylase (HDC), which turns histidine into histamine."
Is your horrible feeling a "herx" reaction or did you help out your defense cells (give them what they need and are starved of -> Bb die-off reaction?
Posted by girl (Member # 18022) on :
Thank you so much, Marnie! Posted by Catgirl (Member # 31149) on :
Thanks Marnie!
Posted by Marnie (Member # 773) on :
My sis is now "autoimmune".
She was on abx. (all of them including IV Rocephin) for 3 years non-stop.
IF Bb was destroyed (and should have been), why is the joint destruction continuing?
I think the p8 protein Bb picks up in the ticks saliva is a retroviral protein called HTLV-1.
Antibiotics don't destroy viral proteins.
That protein activates, ongoing, NFkB.
We have to block that cell signal.
Hello...Berberine/Pycnogenol.
They also inhibit MMPs (which chop apart proteins like collagen, for example).
Keep the faith, we WILL find a way!
Posted by 2roads (Member # 4409) on :
Thanks-
Posted by girl (Member # 18022) on :
Yes!
Posted by Marnie (Member # 773) on :
Sit tight...LOTS of information coming - some is surprising...not in Greek speak! I think many of you will understand.
Hyperbaric chambers...deliver lots of *oxygen* deep into the tissues, right?
(We know Bb is not a strict anaerobe...it can deal with SOME oxygen.)
The mitochondria (powerhouses - plural - of our cells) use oxygen (and glucose) to make ATP, but in the process produce nasty free radicals.
The mitochondria, *if NOT dysfunctional*, look ALSO to produce SOD and glutathione peroxidase (anti-oxidant enzymes).
Now...Both Pycnogenol and Berberine look to
reduce the free radicals by
UPregulating anti-oxidant defense i.e., (SOD and Glutathione peroxidase)
which BOTH -> increased H2O2...yes, hydrogen peroxide. Plasma catalase reduces that.
Why are the mitochondria (powerhouses of the infected cells) not producing sufficient anti-oxidants esp. since free radicals do DNA damage?
If I remember correctly Bb has more than one way to protect ITSELF from "free radical" damage, so "permitting" the free radicals (superoxide, etc.) in hopes of destroying Bb, doesn't work.
"Mitochondrial ***outer membrane*** damage
and cytochrome C release were accompanied by
***down-regulation of mitochondrial SOD and GPx activity.***
After bacterial challenge, systemic and myocardial cytokine production increased progressively, and
NF-kappaB was activated gradually.
CONCLUSION:
*Sepsis* impaired cardiac mitochondria by
damaging membrane integrity,
increasing oxidative stress,
and altering defenses against reactive oxygen species.
These alterations occur earlier than
or simultaneously
with inflammatory responses in myocardium after infectious challenge,
suggesting that mitochondria play a role in modulating inflammation in sepsis.
PMID: 17381396
Sepsis is an illness in which the body has a severe response to bacteria or other germs.
This response may be called systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
Remember how the Romanian doctors cured (early onset) lyme via IV abx AND (anti-inflammatory, anti-histamine) magnesium?
Repeating...sepsis (massive inflammation)
impaired cardiac mitochondria by
damaging membrane integrity.
Read that over and over.
Looks like the infected cells' powerhouses need some help (reduce inflammation bigtime) to prevent free radicals from damaging the cellular DNA within those infected cells.
For those who cannot afford HBOT, Ginseng might also help in conjunction with Pycnogenol/Berberine, but
DISCUSS THIS WITH YOUR DOCTOR!!!
Pulsing?
BTW...apparently we also make less SOD as we age and those with B6 deficiency make less *liver* (hepatic) SOD.
"Reduction in antioxidative status caused by a vitamin B6 deficiency may be aggravated under exercise-induced oxidative stress...
Plasma catalase and *hepatic* cytosol superoxidase dismutase activities of B6 - (deficient) group were lower regardless of exercise."
How do I know all this? My son needs "extra" B6 in the form of PLP to stop his seizures. He's supposed to have 20 days of PLP stored in his liver, but he "burns thru" it (needs more than most people for genetic reasons.
It took us a long time (years) to figure that out!
NFkB once triggered, is responsible for infected cell survival.
Bb looks to not care if it lives in DNA damaged cells that use glucose for fuel and replicate out of control...
10-15% of Bb can actually go INTO HeLa cells (immortal cancer cells that were infected with HPV - the virus that docs want our daughters to be vaccinated against).
I linked that in a previous post..it blew me away to think a bacteria would invade and live in a cancer cell.
This may surprise you:
Mitochondria are semi-autonomous in that they are only partially dependent on the cell to replicate and grow.
They have their own DNA, ribosomes and can make their own proteins.
Similar to bacteria, mitochondria have circular DNA and replicate by a reproductive process called fission.
Can additional phosphatidylcholine heal OUR mitochondria/ provide the new mitochondria (replicate by fission) with the healthy membrane THEY need to function properly?
If once our own DEFENSE cells' powerhouses (membranes) have THEIR membranes restored, can they finish their job?
"when macrophages are still healthy, there is activation of the phosphatidylcholine (PC)
biosynthetic enzyme,
CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CT),
and accumulation of PC mass." PMID: 10944538
Now here's a kicker:
B.burgdorferi contained only phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC)
Wait!
***exogenously added***
PG *inhibited* cell-to-cell transmission of
***HTLV-1 *** in a dose-dependent manner.
Other phospholipids showed less (PE) or no effect (PC, PS, PI, PA, lysoPC, lysoPE, and CL).
One of the articles said we can MAKE cholesterol...
"Your liver and other cells in your body make about 75 percent of blood cholesterol."
What happens if the liver isn't healthy?
The liver uses an enzyme called HMG-CoA reductase to make cholesterol.
Most of us know that the statin drugs to inhibit that enzyme deplete CoQ10 et al.
To a degree, genetics plays a part in how much cholesterol one makes and of course and infection can complicate the picture.
In your brain and nerve tissue, cholesterol is required for the formation of the myelin sheath, a fatty material that surrounds long portions of nerve fibers...which is destroyed in MS.
On the contrary, the brains of AD patients show a specific down-regulation of seladin-1, a protein involved in cholesterol synthesis,
and low membrane cholesterol was observed in hippocampal membranes of ApoE4 (apolipoprotein E4) AD cases.
This effect was also evidenced by altered cholesterol-rich membrane domains (rafts) and raft-mediated functions, such as diminished generation of the Abeta-degrading enzyme plasmin.
Thirdly, numerous genetic defects that cause neurodegeneration are due to defective cholesterol metabolism.
Fourthly, in female mice, the most brain-permeant statin induces neurodegeneration and high amyloid production.
Altogether, this evidence makes it difficult to accept that statins are beneficial through acting as brain cholesterol-synthesis inhibitors.
It appears more likely that their advantageous role arises from improved brain
oxygenation.
PMID: 15649137
Have we come full circle...get oxygen levels up?
For those of you TRYING to plow thru this, trying hard to LEARN and to EXERCISE YOUR MIND, you have my admiration!
Posted by Lymetoo (Member # 743) on :
quote:Originally posted by Marnie:
Since many here have HIGH cholesterol, I suspect (if you found my post linking a picture of the methylation cycle), I suspect the way the body is lowering homocysteine is from the middle of the picture upwards.
Taurine reduces cholesterol and we know glutathione looks to be low in lyme too, so from homocysteine down...ain't happening?
My daughter took 6 coconut oil capsules (twice what I suggested) and had to take Benadryl to counter.
So...she thought she was allergic.
OR...did she knock off a lot of yeastie beasties -> histamine response?
"Many species of bacteria and yeast contain the enzyme histidine decarboxylase (HDC), which turns histidine into histamine."
Is your horrible feeling a "herx" reaction or did you help out your defense cells (give them what they need and are starved of -> Bb die-off reaction?
- Thanks for the English!! PS.. I would say your sister killed off yeasty beasties!
Posted by Marnie (Member # 773) on :
That was my daughter.
My sis is "autoimmune" from lyme.
I'm trying hard to translate medical jargon into plain English.
It's hard.
Posted by map1131 (Member # 2022) on :
Thank you for trying Marnie. We sure do appreciate your insight.
I love love love my Berberine the last several months. Now to look at adding Pycnogenol to the mix.
Funny, I remember doing high doses of Pycnogenol several years ago for like 6 weeks and it completely halted my restless leg, restless arm and restless body symptoms that were waking me nightly.
Someone on here suggested it. I tried it and it worked.
Berberine dropped my cholesterol numbers and got my heart doc off the statin pushing. Now if it drops even lower this next appt, I'm going to tell him my secret weapon Berberine!!!!
Pam
Posted by Lymetoo (Member # 743) on :
oops.. sorry !
I know pycnognenol is found in mangosteen .. something that has really helped me during my Lyme journey.
I just ordered berberine last week. I hope it won't lower my blood glucose too much!
Posted by map1131 (Member # 2022) on :
I have normal and sometimes a little under normal blood pressure. Funny, I've always said, I won't die from high blood pressure.
The berberine has not lowered my blood pressure. I'm still where I was prior. But we're all different.
Pam
Posted by Marnie (Member # 773) on :
If you can't afford HBOT ("dives" are very expensive),
Talk to your doctor (!) about trying "Ginsana Energy", 2 capsules in the morning AND Pycnogenol 2x/day.
Ginseng "improves oxygen uptake and
enhances energy".
I don't have lyme, but am trying it...and it DOES seem to make a difference for me.
BUT with increased oxygen (like when we exercise), you will need anti-oxidant help...Pycnogenol looks to help that situation (and more).
It MIGHT be a good to pulse this therapy. Even Berberine/Glycox should likely NOT be NON-STOP for days and days on end.
I hope you all understand that this discussion is about natural/OTC approaches that persons NOT CURRENTLY ON DRUGS are trying.
IF you are on Rx's , it is VITAL your doctor knows EVERYTHING else you are taking/thinking about taking, including all herbs/other supplements.
A doctor in Florida once said (a few years ago), "HBOT and Pycnogenol" for lyme.
He did not add in any list of antibiotics/other.
His educational and training background at prestigious places is impressive.
Posted by girl (Member # 18022) on :
I can't wait to get a notebook later tonight and takes notes on this. Yea! Exciting.
Posted by Razzle (Member # 30398) on :
Thanks Marnie. Will have to return to this when my brain has something other than jello in it...
I miss my Andrographis (can't put anything in my stomach right now)!!! Posted by Marnie (Member # 773) on :
Razzle, if you prefer to go the Rx route...
The highest level of Prozac allowed has protected my sis from neuro lyme (not started right away...so even starting "later" helped a LOT).
Prozac keeps serotonin levels higher, longer.
Otherwise, consider Glycox 500mg TID for 20 days, but
DISCUSS this with your doctor FIRST! It might be "out" if you are on other Rx's because it does impact liver enzymes that process drugs.
Wikipedia:
Other studies have shown berberine to increase ***noradrenaline and serotonin*** levels in the brain
(rats) while inhibiting dopaminergic activity.
The half-life of berberine in vivo seems to be three to four hours, thus suggesting administration three times a day if steady levels are to be achieved."
The sequence is this: L-tyrosine -> dopamine -> norepinephrine -> epinephrine.
Norepinephrine can also suppress neuroinflammation when released diffusely in the brain from the locus ceruleus.
Stomach...need Alka Seltzer Gold? This was discussed a long time ago.
(= Bicarbonate help.)
Posted by Razzle (Member # 30398) on :
Alka Seltzer Gold = anaphylaxis for me, because of the citric acid.
Wish I could take stuff, but I can't. I can't put anything at all, not even my own saliva, in my stomach...it is completely halted, shut down, and not functioning.
I have been on TPN (fed through a PICC line) since April of last year because of this. This is the 4th time my stomach has done this, and I'm sure it is from Lyme/coinfections and inflammation/allergy and who knows what else.
If you know of an IV form of berberine or andrographis, I'm all ears, LOL!!!
Posted by Marnie (Member # 773) on :
My sister in law can't tolerate melons...mold linked. My daughter has mold triggered asthma.
No stomach functioning...Gastroparesis?
Odd...someone said (posted on a board) 6 mos. of Imipramine helped. works many ways including H1 antagonist...also listed Benadryl...Ativan...leads me to Xanax...Klonopin and get this: Zofran (works as 5HT3R antagonist...up goes anti-inflammatory serotonin)...daughter was on it for hyperemesis...she also has mold allergies and more than once needed histamine blockers...
Klonopin, Ativan, Xanax and Zofran...though they all work differently share this in common: correct vestibular dysfunction.
Too much glutamate is toxic to nerves! Get GABA up (B6 needed for GAD - enzyme- to work to convert glutamate to GABA. OR get anti-inflammatory serotonin up.
An imbalance is happening between these: serotonin and dopamine, NE, and E. Some people need more serotonin to compensate for the other 3 being up all the time. Type A's...glutamate-adrenaline "junkies"...usually very smart, driven, etc. Typically (genetically) driven to "Starbucks" (caffeine = glutamate). I'm not joking.
Nerves all interconnected. See above...how vagus nerve stimulation impacts vestibular nerve function?
Gastroparesis can occur when the vagus nerve is damaged by illness or injury and the stomach muscles stop working normally.
Posted by Lymetoo (Member # 743) on :
quote:Originally posted by map1131: I have normal and sometimes a little under normal blood pressure. Funny, I've always said, I won't die from high blood pressure.
The berberine has not lowered my blood pressure. I'm still where I was prior. But we're all different.
- I said blood glucose, not blood pressure.
Marnie..
Many years ago, I found out about the citric acid and mold connection. I had a chiro who had herbal formulas and they ALL made me react (mostly acid reflux).
When I began looking at the ingredients, I found the connection. I was shocked!
This is how the citric acid was listed on all of the herbal formulas:
"Aspergillus niger"
[ 02-07-2014, 04:39 PM: Message edited by: Lymetoo ]
Posted by Marnie (Member # 773) on :
I wonder if the NEW vagus nerve *stimulation device* could help you if your vagus nerve was damaged (by excessive glutamate or inflammation) -> Gastroparesis?
It wouldn't hurt to ask them...
Posted by Razzle (Member # 30398) on :
Marnie,
I'm sorry, I didn't mean to hijack your thread about viruses & berberine...do you want me to continue the Gastroparesis discussion here, via PM, or make a separate thread, or ?
Posted by girl (Member # 18022) on :
Well I got my notebook tonight and I'm excited to start learning! I DID NOT know that about Citric Acid! GOOD TO KNOW.
Does anyone know if Magnesium Citrate has citric acid in it? Something I read the other night made me thing that.
Posted by Razzle (Member # 30398) on :
Yes, Magnesium Citrate is Magnesium reacted with citric acid. All mineral citrates have been reacted with citric acid.
My trouble with citric acid is the corn used in processing is heavily sulfited, it is the sulfites to which I react severely.
But didn't know about the mold connection until now - that may add fuel to the fire of my reactions...no wonder citric acid is such a big deal for me!
Posted by girl (Member # 18022) on :
Dang. Good to know. Thanks for the info.!
Posted by Marnie (Member # 773) on :
In several clinical trials, supplementation with cobalamin (vitamin B12) has been demonstrated to improve the overall asthma condition by reducing its severity and frequency.
This is especially true with pediatric asthma, which is often a result of
sulfite-sensitivity.
Jonathan V. Wright, MD of Kent, Washington, believes "B12 therapy is the mainstay in childhood asthma".
Vitamin B12 has been shown to induce the production of a sulfite-cobalamin complex, which blocks the allergic effects of sulfites.
It has also been proposed that the oxidative action of vitamin B12 is able to block the sulfite-induced bronchospasm associated with chronic allergy related asthma.
Normally, B12 absorption requires a lot of good old stomach acid...
We will find a way!
B12 is needed in the "folate" cycle part of remethylation.
Posted by Razzle (Member # 30398) on :
Yes, Vitamin B12 is absolutely critical for methylation and for sulfite issues.
Molybdenum, Zinc, Magnesium & Iron are also needed for sulfite to sulfate conversion (MoCo, SUOX, & CBS are all involved in this, thus these enzymes need support when one is sulfite-sensitive).
I'm ok with some sulfates (just not if derived from coconut, e.g., sodium laurel sulfate, because of the hidden sulfites...).
I get 1000mcg methylcobolamin IM injection once or twice a week...without this, I'm in a near-anaphylaxis state almost all the time because sulfites are in the air, and are a byproduct of sulfur amino acid metabolism.
If I discover an accidental sulfite exposure and start to go into a severe reaction, I get a B12 shot, take B12 (methylcobolamin) sublingually, take Benadryl (or Claritin), and homeopathic Nux V. (for nausea & detox) & homeopathic Ipecac. (for nausea). If I get all of this quickly enough, and have been taking molybdenum regularly, the reaction fades over about an hour or so.
![[Wink]](wink.gif)
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Thanks-
![[Smile]](smile.gif)
Exciting.
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