http://health-pictures.com/livedo-reticularis.htm

Livedo reticularis

Livedo reticularis refers to a condition that causes enlarging of capillary blood vessels and stagnation of blood within these vessels. This condition causes discoloration of the skin. It is described as a net like discoloring of the skin with bluish or red coloring.

http://health.allrefer.com/health/idiopathic-or-primary-livedo-reticularis-pictures-images.html[/URL]

http://www.mednet.gr/pim/rh8.htm

http://dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu/derm/indexDisplay.cfm?ImageID=401668312[/URL]

http://www.bu.edu/woundbiotech/wounds/UncommonWounds%20Gallery/pages/25..htm
http://www.emedicine.com/PED/topic118.htm

Picture 2. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Shown is livedo reticularis of the upper and lower extremities in a 15-year-old adolescent with primary antiphospholipid
syndrome. The pattern is lacy, flat, and nonblanching. The purplish hue is from stasis in the small vessel beds.

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For more info...

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005 Jun;52(6):1009-19.

Livedo reticularis: an update.

Gibbs MB, English JC 3rd, Zirwas MJ.

Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, USA.

Livedo reticularis (LR) is a well-known, relatively common physical finding
consisting of macular, violaceous, connecting rings that form a netlike pattern (Fig 1).

In most cases, it is a completely benign finding related to cold exposure. However,
there are many potential causes (Table I), and this can make the evaluation of a
patient presenting with this finding very difficult. An excellent review of the topic by Fleischer and Resnick was published in 1990. We have endeavored to update the
literature and provide clinicians with guidance regarding the evaluation and treatment of patients presenting with LR.

PMID: 15928620 [PubMed - in process]

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Hautarzt. 2000 Aug;51(8):593-6.

[Livedo racemosa: an unusual late manifestation of borreliosis?]

[Article in German]

Baumann M, Tebbe B, Arnold M, Krengel S, Goerdt S, Orfanos CE.

Klinik und Poliklinik fur Dermatologie, Universitatsklinikum Benjamin Franklin,
Freie Universitat Berlin.

Classic variants of cutaneous borreliosis are erythema chronicum migrans (ECM),
lymphadenosis benigna cutis (LBC) and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA).
Other dermatoses have been reported in the literature as possibly linked to
borreliosis. A 59-year old female patient was seen in the late phases of cutaneous
borreliosis with histologically confirmed ACA. In addition, prominent livedo
racemosa was seen on the legs, also showing tissue changes similar to those of ACA.
Borrelia burgdorferi infection was serologically confirmed by the presence of
anti-IgM and anti-IgG antibodies. The clinical spectrum of late cutaneous borreliosis
should be enlarged to include livedo racemosa.

Publication Types:
Case Reports

PMID: 10997315 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Bratisl Lek Listy. 2000;101(4):194-9.

[Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in scleroderma circumscripta,
lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, erythema nodosum, granuloma
annulare, erythema annulare and chronic urticaria]

[Article in Slovak]

Svecova D, Buchvald J.

1st Department of Dermatovenerology, School of Medicine, Comenius University,
Bratislava, Slovakia.

OBJECTIVES: The role of B. burgdorferi in the etiology of sclerodermia
circumscripta (SC) and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) are is reported in
numerous, however controversial studies. The objective of our study is to
approximate the solution of the given problem and to widen these consideration by
other diagnoses with multifactorial and unclear etiology such as erythema nodosum
(EN), granuloma anulare (GA), erythema anulare (EA) and urticaria chronica.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: 124 probands were divided into groups according the
diagnoses presented above and compared with the negative control group of 131
probands with dermatologic diagnoses, in which the etiologic agent of B. burgdorferi
was not assumed and positive group of 55 probands with lyme boreliosis. Indirect
immunofluorescent test was used to find out the tieter of antibodies against B.
burgdorferi in all groups by using the endemic strains as antigens, which has caused a
higher value of the so-called cut-off.

RESULTS: The negative control had a positive
titer in 44 cases (n = 131, i.e. in 33.6%). The positive titer was found in 11 probands
from the SC group (34.4% =, n = 32), 5 probands in LSA (71.4%, n = 7), 9 probands
in the EN group (64.3%, n = 14), 6 probands in the EA and GA groups (42.3%, n =
14) and 19 probands in the group of urticaria chronica (33.3%, n = 57).

CONCLUSION: We assume that in the probands with high titers of antibodies, B.
burgdorferi could play a role in the etiology of the given diseases titers of antibodies
against B. burgdorferi. The draft problem could be solved by modern method
including PCR with the use of several primers focused on different antigens regarding
the certain epidemiologic regions. (Fig. 7, Ref. 17.)

PMID: 10914463 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Am J Surg Pathol. 1992 Jul;16(7):650-7.

Immunocytochemical identification of Rochalimaea henselae in
bacillary (epithelioid) angiomatosis, parenchymal bacillary peliosis,
and persistent fever with bacteremia.

Reed JA, Brigati DJ, Flynn SD, McNutt NS, Min KW, Welch DF, Slater LN.

Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center,
Oklahoma City.

We report the immunocytochemical identification of Rochalimaea henselae, a newly
recognized fastidious, Gram-negative, Warthin-Starry-positive organism, as the
common pathogen in bacillary angiomatosis (BA), bacillary peliosis (BP) of the liver
and spleen, and persistent fever with bacteremia in immunocompromised patients.
Immunogenic proteins of the R. henselae strain isolated from the blood of a febrile
immunocompromised patient with BP of the liver were used to produce primary
immune serum in rabbits.

Using immunocytochemical procedures, the polyclonal
antiserum reacted strongly not only with the immunizing strain of the bacteria, but
also with other blood isolates of R. henselae (five cases) from both
immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients and with the organisms present
in the tissue lesions of cutaneous BA (five cases) and BP of the liver (two cases) and
spleen (one case).

The blood isolates and BA and BP tissue samples were obtained
from widely separated geographic areas. The antiserum was weakly cross-reactive
with cultures of Rochalimaea quintana, an organism closely related to R. henselae,
but this reactivity was eliminated by specific adsorption. The antiserum did not
cross-react with the Warthin-Starry-positive organisms associated with cat scratch
disease (Afipia felis), syphilis (Treponema pallidum), Lyme disease (Borrelia
burgdorferi) or chronic active gastritis (Helicobacter pylori).

Likewise, the antiserum did not identify organisms in eight cases of Kaposi's sarcoma, a disorder of immunocompromised patients that is clinically similar to BA. Further studies are needed to determine the prevalence of this newly recognized organism as well as its possible involvement in other angioproliferative diseases.

PMID: 1530106 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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It is very common in hypercoagulation to varying degrees. Hypercoagulation is an indication of chronic infection.

I've had it about as long as I've had Lyme. I remember a kid making fun of my legs during play rehearsal in high school.

It has gotten slightly worse since starting treatment. I take 1 plavix a week, which reduces it some. I was on 2, but I've had ulcer symptoms and my doctor is worried if I start bleading and am on too much blood thinner.

I was headed down to get breakfast.. and saw your reply. I have sudenly lost my appetite.

What is happening to you and your daughter.. and to so many others.. after THIRTY years of Lyme being recognised and officially documented.. is a SIN!

I don't know what to say. I am fuming and heart broken.

Please know that many folks are going as hard as they can to try to fix the problems that causes your family to suffer.

We need more help. Sick patients can't do this alone. I wish I had the magic wand that would make it all better. I am sorry I don't. It breaks my heart every single day.

Have you contacted Lovey down there in Florida? How about the other support groups? Here is a link to them. Perhaps they may have suggestions?

http://www.lymenet.org/SupportGroups/UnitedStates/Florida/

Let us know what we can do to help.. please. And thanks for the kind words.

Back later to finish..