African traditional medicine-- same family as cloves.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE:
"Antimicrobial evaluation of plants used for the treatment of diarrhoea in a rural community in northern Maputaland, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa," by Sandy F van Vuuren, Mduduzi N Nkwanyana, and Helene de Wetcorresponding author LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4364486/Posts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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HEMIDESMUS INDICUS (root)- False Sarsaparilla; known locally in India as ananthamool, naruneendi, nannari, anant vel, maeen, or mool
Anti-biofilm (anti-swarming and anti quorum sensing) properties
Indian ayurvedic herb used as a blood purifier or as a syrup with lemon.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE: "Screening of certain medicinal plants from India for their anti-quorum sensing activity," by Zahin M1, Hasan S, Aqil F, Khan MS, Husain FM, Ahmad I. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21250604Posts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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CURCUMIN (Turmeric) Curcuma longa of family Zingiberaceae Anti-microbial, anti-spirochaetal, anti filarial, anti inflammatory. Effective chelator of copper and iron. May help to chelate aluminum, which has been implicated in Alzheimer's, which has been linked to brain spirochete biofilm infection in two recent scientific studies. Of the Ginger family (Zingiberaceae.) It is the principal curcuminoid of the spice, Turmeric. Turmeric is also an anti-cancer "tyrosine kinase inhibitor," and may also have potential to kill macrofilaria parasites such as Onchocerca.
Scientific evidence shows that curcumin is an effective anti spirochaetal agent against Treponema Denticola, an oral spirochete. PEER REVIEW SCIENCE: Antibacterial Activity of Curcumin Against Periodontopathic Bacteria. Izui S1, Sekine S1, Maeda K1, Kuboniwa M1, Takada A1, Amano A1, Nagata H1.
"Curcumin counteracts the aluminium-induced ageing-related alterations in oxidative stress, Na+, K+ ATPase and protein kinase C in adult and old rat brain regions," by Sharma D1, Sethi P, Hussain E, Singh R. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19020987
[ 10-11-2016, 12:42 PM: Message edited by: WakeUp ]
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Lymedin2010
Frequent Contributor (1K+ posts)
Member # 34322
posted
"In 2006, a 17 year old student in Mississippi used an ancient Ayurverdic herb called terminalia chebula to penetrate the biofilm and kill the pseudonomas bacteria behind cystic fibrosis."
posted
Thank you Lymed2010-- Excellent info about terminalia chebula. Thanks-- I was starting to feel lonely on this thread....
....but some of the info here has already helped me---( I think the daily pomegranate juice has helped degrade my horrible sinusitis biofilm quite a lot )
WE WILL FIND A CURE! Posts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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Holarrhena antidysentrica, Tellicherry Bark or Conessi in English; Kurchi in Hindi and Kutaji in Sanskrit of the family ApocyanaceaePosts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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SIDA ACUTA-common wireweed-- family Malvaceae Anti- protozoan ( including malaria). Probable active ingredient is "cryptolepine." Used for treatment of Bartonella and Babesia in the Buhner protocol-- who considers it a top herb for Bartonella treatment. Buhner considers Sida Acuta to be more effective for Babesia than Artemisinin, which he believes has only a 50% effectiveness rate. Should ber avoided by those with high blood pressure.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE "Antimalarial activity of Sida acuta Burm. f. (Malvaceae) and Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. (Fabaceae)." by Karou D1, Dicko MH, Sanon S, Simpore J, Traore AS. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14611894
"Studies on medicinal plants of Ivory Coast: investigation of Sida acuta for in vitro antiplasmodial activities and identification of an active constituent," by Banzouzi JT1, Prado R, Menan H, Valentin A, Roumestan C, Mallié M, Pelissier Y, Blache Y. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15185848
[ 01-13-2016, 03:46 PM: Message edited by: WakeUp ]
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CRYPTOLEPIS SANGUINOLENTA - family Apocynaceae Antibacterial; anti malarial; anti protozoan; anti-parasite- traditional African remedy for malaria. Active ingredient is cryptolepine.
Used by Buhner in his Bartonella protocol, but is not considered as effective as Sida Acuta.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE: "In vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic fractions of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta." by Mills-Robertson FC1, Tay SC, Duker-Eshun G, Walana W, Badu K. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22709723
Clinical efficacy of a tea-bag formulation of cryptolepis sanguinolenta root in the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Bugyei KA1, Boye GL, Addy ME. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21326984
Schistosomicidal and molluscicidal activities of aminoalkylamino substituted neo- and norneocryptolepine derivatives. El Bardicy S1, El Sayed I, Yousif F, Van der Veken P, Haemers A, Augustyns K, Pieters L. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22338119Posts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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Lymedin2010
Frequent Contributor (1K+ posts)
Member # 34322
"At Agile Sciences, we have developed compounds that inhibit bacteria’s ability to turn on the pathways required for biofilm formation. So when we treat bacteria with our compounds, we see significantly less biofilm formation, and we’re also able to disperse existing biofilms. We think the best use of these compounds is in combination with antibiotics. The idea would be for our compound to “pop” the biofilm so the antibiotic could now kill the pathogen.
Support from Bay Area Lyme Foundation has allowed us to identify compounds (known as Agilyte®) that have efficacy against Borrelia burgdorferi biofilms and show synergy with commonly used antibiotics in Lyme disease, including doxycycline (see Figure below), ceftriaxone, and amoxicillin. We’re currently applying for further funding from NIH to develop these compounds as a novel therapeutic to enhance antibiotic treatment of Lyme disease."
Posts: 2094 | From NY | Registered: Oct 2011
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AGILYTE - Agelas conifera, a marine brown tube sponge Biofilm inhibitor. Anti-tubercular
U.S. Patent No. 7,987,631, entitled "Inhibition and Dispersion of Bacterial Biofilms with Imidazole-Triazole Derivatives was issued on March 1, 2011. The patent covers the composition and use of compounds exclusively licensed by Agile Sciences from NC State University.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE: Debromosceptrin, an alkaloid from the Caribbean sponge Agelas conifera, by Shen X1, Perry TL, Dunbar CD, Kelly-Borges M, Hamann MT. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9784176Posts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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HOLY BASIL ( Rama Tulsi) -- Ocimum Sanctum, of the family Lamiaceae Ayurvedic traditional indian medicine herb. Antimicrobial, antiparasitic, ovicidal, larvicidal, antiinflammatory, anti-helminthic, absorbs fluoride and cadmium,antileishmaniasis (when used in conjunction with Boerhaavia diffusa); inhibits oral pathogens.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE:
Antileishmanial efficacy of Boerhaavia diffusa L. and Ocimum sanctum L. against experimental visceral leishmaniasis. Kaur S, Bhardwaj K, Sachdeva H. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26349315
Antimicrobial activity of seven essential oils from Iranian aromatic plants against common causes of oral infections. Zomorodian K1, Ghadiri P2, Saharkhiz MJ3, Moein MR4, Mehriar P5, Bahrani F6, Golzar T2, Pakshir K7, Fani MM8. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25793100
Anthelmintic activity of Ocimum sanctum leaf extract against ovine gastrointestinal nematodes in India. Kanojiya D1, Shanker D1, Sudan V2, Jaiswal AK1, Parashar R1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25687816
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ERYNGIUM AQUATICUM , Apiaceae family -- a.k.a. "Rattlensnakemaster" Traditional native herbal remedy for Syphilis, another spirochete.. The Choctaw people used it as a remedy for gonorrhea, and the Delaware people used it for intestinal worms.
[ 01-12-2016, 11:24 AM: Message edited by: WakeUp ]
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A leading ingredient of Bio-Botanical Research's Biocidin formula, which is recommended by leading practitioners for Lyme disease support and/or biofilm reduction.
(The formula also includes Noni, Milk Thistle, Echinacea (purpurea & angustifolia), Goldenseal, Shiitake, White Willow (bark), Garlic, Grapeseed extract (min. 90% polyphenols), Black Walnut (hull and leaf), Raspberry, Fumitory, Gentian, Tea Tree oil, Galbanum oil, Lavender oil (plant & flower), Oregano oil (plant & flower).
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CORDYCEPS SINENSIS A mushroom that is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). No current studies exist regarding its effect on Borrelia or borrelia persisters. But Cordyceps has been shown to increase cellular oxygen absorption which could possibly provide a benefit similar to mild hyperbaric oxygen of which there are many anecdotal success stories.
Cordyceps increases cellular Oxygen Absorption by up to 40% (Lou Y, Liao X, Lu Y. Cardiovascular pharmacological studies of ethanol extracts of Cordyceps mycelia and Cordyceps fermentation solution. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 1986;17(5):17-21,209-213) Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases improvement of 40% after Cordyceps supplement. (Wang WQ. J. Administration Traditional Chinese Med 1995;5 (supp;):24)
more to come....
[ 01-13-2016, 03:37 PM: Message edited by: WakeUp ]
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WPinVA
Frequent Contributor (1K+ posts)
Member # 33581
posted
Sorry if I missed it, but is Xylitol on here? Good for biofilms.
Posts: 1737 | From Virginia | Registered: Aug 2011
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quote:Originally posted by WPinVA: Sorry if I missed it, but is Xylitol on here? Good for biofilms.
Thanks!! Yes its on the other page. I will eventually reorganize this list into an alphabetic list once I get about 200 compounds, and fill out more info for each compound.
Thanks WPinVA!
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OREGANUM SYRIACUM-essential oil, family of Lamiaceae Antimicrobial.
Also known as "Syrian oregano," or "biblical hyssop," (not regular hyssop), it is of the mint family. It is the primary ingredient in the coveted spice mixture za'atar, and the plant may also be called za'atar.
Essential oils of both Origanum syriacum and Thymus Syriacum have been shown to be effective against Brucella, an intracellular pathogen researched extensively in biowarfare.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE:
"The Antibacterial Activity of Selected Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Essential Oils against Brucella melitensis," by Al-Mariri A, et al. Iran J Med Sci. 2013 LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/23645957/
"In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Several Plant Extracts and Oils against Some Gram-Negative Bacteria," by Al-Mariri A, et al. Iran J Med Sci. 2014.
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CONDRACANTHUS CHAMISSOI Family: Gigartinaceae* Antiinflammatory, anticoagulant. Heavy metal detoxifier used in the Cowden protocol (in the Sealantro formula) Used in the production of carrageenan.
A red algae/seaweed used in Peruvian traditional medicine, and used in the Nutramedix formulas "Algas" and "Sealantro" for the purpose of detoxifying heavy metals that cause Lyme and other coinfections to thrive.
One peer review study has shown it to be effective to absorb both lead and cadmium.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE Journal of Hazardous Materials "Pb(II) and Cd(II) biosorption on Chondracanthus chamissoi (a red alga)" by Andrea Yipmantina, b, Holger J. Maldonadob, Martha Lyb, Jean Marie Taulemessec, Eric Guibala, LINK: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389410012690 ___________________________________ *Synonyms:
Gigartina chamissoi (C. Ag.) J. Agardh Gigartina lessonii (Bory) J. Agardh (1851) Gigartina chauvinii (Bory) J. Agardh (1842) Sphaerococcus chauvinii Bory (1828) Sphaerococcus chamissoi C. Agardh (1820)
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COPTIS teeta, "goldthread or canker root," fam. Ranunculaceae Antibacterial, antiinflammatory, anti-malarial, anti-protozoal. Contains berberine. Medicinal herb in China and the Eastern Himalayan regions of India (Mishmi Hills of Arunachal Pradesh) where it is used as a bitter tonic for treating malaria.
Screening of Coptis teeta Wall for antimalarial effect: a preliminary report. Sharma SK1, Satyanarayana S, Yadav RN, Dutta LP. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8131885
Effects of berberine, a plant alkaloid, on the growth of anaerobic protozoa in axenic culture. Kaneda Y1, Tanaka T, Saw T. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2131648Posts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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HORSETAIL Equisetum arvense Antimicrobial, anti-aluminum, anti biofilm, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-mycotoxigenic, anti-mold, anti candida, may be effective against dental spirochetes and/or their biofilm. Aids in wound healing and coagulation*.
Horsetail is extremely rich in Silica, which detoxifies aluminum (which has been implicated in Alzehimer's spirochete biofilm infections.) and which keeps joints and connective tissue supple.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE "Cytotoxicity of Brazilian plant extracts against oral microorganisms of interest to dentistry," de Oliveira JR1, de Castro VC, das Gracas Figueiredo Vilela P, Camargo SE, Carvalho CA, Jorge AO, de Oliveira LD. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23945270
"Equisetum arvense hydro-alcoholic extract: phenolic composition and antifungal and antimycotoxigenic effect against Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides in stored maize," Garcia D1, Ramos AJ, Sanchis V, Marin S. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23355286
"Medicinal plants extracts affect virulence factors expression and biofilm formation by the uropathogenic Escherichia coli," Wojnicz D1, Kucharska AZ, Sokoł-Łetowska A, Kicia M, Tichaczek-Goska D. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22915095
"Discovery of a multigene family of aquaporin silicon transporters in the primitive plant Equisetum arvense," Grégoire C1, Rémus-Borel W, Vivancos J, Labbé C, Belzile F, Bélanger RR. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22712876
*Note: verify -- does horsetail thicken blood
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BAOBAB FRUIT- Adansonia digitat, family Malvaceae Traditional african food and medicine. Anti-mycobacterial (leprosy, TB). (Note:Drs. H and Z are now using antimycobacterial pharmaceuticals for the most difficult chronic Lyme patients.)
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE: "The 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory, antioxidant, antimycobacterial activity and cytotoxicity of fourteen ethnomedicinally used African spices and culinary herbs," Dzoyem JP1, Kuete V2, McGaw LJ3, Eloff JN4.l LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25150529Posts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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TAMARIND Tamarindus indica family Fabaceae Antimycobacterial.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE "The 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory, antioxidant, antimycobacterial activity and cytotoxicity of fourteen ethnomedicinally used African spices and culinary herbs," Dzoyem JP1, Kuete V2, McGaw LJ3, Eloff JN4.l LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25150529Posts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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HOSLUNDIA OPPOSITA Lamiaceae family Antimyobacterial. African Traditional medicine (Mozambique) containing Euscaphic acid, which is thought to be antimycobacterial.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE Bioactive compounds from Lippia javanica and Hoslundia opposita. Mujovo SF1, Hussein AA, Meyer JJ, Fourie B, Muthivhi T, Lall N. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18780245Posts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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BACOPA MONNIERA family Plantaginaceae Known as Brahmi and used as a nerve tonic in Ayurveda, the traditional medicinal system in India. Neuroprotective. Contains spirochete killing saponins.
May protect the brain from aluminum poisoning, which may be a factor in Lyme disease and co-infections. Typically taken in doses of 300 to 450 mg per day of an extract standardized to contain 55% bacosides.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE: "Evaluation of Bacopa monniera for its Synergistic Activity with Rivastigmine in Reversing Aluminum-Induced Memory Loss and Learning Deficit in Rats," by Agadi Hiremath Thippeswamy, Mohamed Rafiqcorrespondenceemail, Gollapalle Lakshminarayana shastry Viswantha, Kethaganahalli J. Kavya, Suryakanth D. Anturlikar, Pralhad S. Patki Prevents aluminum toxicity in the cerebral cortex of rats. LINK: http://tinyurl.com/gtt5tmj
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MYRRH- Commiphora myrrha or Commiphora molmol; "Mirazid" Antiparasitic (fascioliasis and schistosomiasis), cholesterol lowering, anti-cancer (Commiphora molmol ), analgesic. Used in traditional chinese and ayurvedic medicine. (A related compound, guggul, used for circulatory, rheumatic and nervous complaints.)
Mirazid is an Egyptian drug derived from myrrh.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE
"Mirazid in treatment of three zoonotic trematodes in Beni-Sweif and Dakhalia Governorates," Massoud AM1, El-Sherbini ET, Mos N, Saleh NM, Abouel-Nour MF, Morsy AT. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20503592
Abstract A total of 60 patients with schistosomiasis (40), fascialiosis (15) and heterophyiasis (5) were selected Beni-Sweif and Mansoura Districts and subjected to history taking, clinical examination, Kato thick smear, sedimentation and hatching test (for schistosomiasis cases) at the beginning of the study, 2 & 3 months after treatment with Oleo-resin of Myrrh (Mirazid) in a dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 6 consecutive days an hour before breakfast. The results showed a significant improvement in symptoms with minimal negligible or no side effects. The cure rates, 2 & 3 months after treatment were 80.7%% & 11.8%% for schistosomiasis, 93.3% & 6.6% for fascioliasis, and 100% for heterophyiasis. The clinical picture of schistosomiasis before treatments were easy fatigability, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, epigastria pain, abdominal distention, right upper guardant pain, colicky abdominal pain, left upper and/or lower guardant pain, abdominal rumbling, dysentery, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, constipation, and alternating bowel habit. Those of fascioliasis were abdominal distention, dripping of saliva, right upper guardant, colicky abdominal pain, weight loss, easy fatigability, intermittent jaundice, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, epigastria, left upper and/or lower quadrant pain, right layer quadrant pain, loin pain, abdominal rumbling, diarrhea, constipation, and alternating bowel habit. The safety and efficacy of C. molmol extract in treating heterophyiasis (100%), fascioliasis (100%) and schistosomiasis (92.5%) were documented.
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SILPHIUM LACINIATUM (aster family, Asteraceae ) Silphium breaks down Neuro-toxins; Anti-histamine, Anti -inflammatory, analgesic. Used in Dr. J.'s "Neuro Antitox II" formulation, in conjunction with Salvia Azurea (Blue Sage.)
"Silphium laciniatum has been shown through clinical research (FIND FOOTNOTE HERE) to be possibly the greatest anti-neurotoxin substance found to date. Silphium is thought to breakdown and/or bind microbial neurotoxins. It has demonstrated stellar results in the elimination of the primary toxins released by Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative microbe in Lyme disease, Multiple Sclerosis, ALS and over 350 neuro-toxic illnesses. In regard to Lyme microbes, Silphium also seems to assist in providing the body’s crystalline matrix with the information needed to resolve the pleomorphic phase, L-form of the Lyme spirochete. Clinical research reveals that Silphium may also bind heavy metals, and breakdown isopropyl alcohol, and benzene accumulations, adding to its phenomenal arsenal of beneficial effects. Silphium is recommended to limit herxheimer reactions during any type of antibiotic, antimicrobial treatments." --from Dr. J.s website.
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BOTRYOCLADIA LEPTOPODA, marine red alga Antifilarial-- shows activity against adult filarial worms found in deer ticks, Acanthocheilonema viteae.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE "The antifilarial activity of a marine red alga, Botryocladia leptopoda, against experimental infections with animal and human filariae," by Lakshmi V1, Kumar R, Gupta P, Varshney V, Srivastava MN, Dik**** M, Murthy PK, Misra-Bhattacharya S.
ABSTRACT: Abstract The antifilarial activity of the marine red alga Botryocladia leptopoda against rodent and human lymphatic filarial parasites is described. The animal filarial species included Litomosoides sigmodontis and Acanthocheilonema viteae maintained in cotton rats and Mastomys coucha, respectively, while a subperiodic strain of the human lymphatic filarial parasite Brugia malayi was maintained in M. coucha. The crude extract and its hexane fraction brought about a marked reduction in the peripheral microfilarial level in both of the rodent filarial parasites L. sigmodontis and A. viteae. The microfilaricidal effect began slowly from day 8 or 15 after initiation of treatment and increased with time with a very high efficacy at the end of the observation period against both rodent filariids. The microfilaricidal efficacy was, however, not as prominent in the case of B. malayi. The antifilarial activity, which occurred in the hexane fraction, exerted action at a much lower dose. The product killed a significant proportion of A. viteae and L. sigmodontis adult parasites. In the case of B. malayi, although the macrofilaricidal efficacy was much less than that of the rodent parasites, it (hexane fraction) caused sterilization of a significant proportion of the surviving female parasites. The present findings indicate the possibility of developing an adulticidal and female sterilizing agent against filarial parasites from a marine red alga.
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NIGELLA SATIVA "Black Seed, Black Cumin Seed, and Black seed oil, Habbatul Barakah; Family Ranunculaceae"
Inhibits the activation of an inflammatory factor called NFkB, Nuclear Factor kappa B. (This factor is activated by Bartonella and by cancers, and it promotes angiogenesis and it prevents apoptosis.)
Known in the Koran as the remedy for "everything but death."
Primary compound thought to be active: thymoquinone.
Ant-iinflammatory, may be anti-bartonella.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE:
Antibacterial activity of Thymoquinone, an active principle of Nigella sativa and its potency to prevent bacterial biofilm formation. Chaieb K1, Kouidhi B, Jrah H, Mahdouani K, Bakhrouf A. LINK: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21489272
Anti-inflammatory effects of the Nigella sativa seed extract, thymoquinone, in pancreatic cancer cells. Chehl N1, Chipitsyna G, Gong Q, Yeo CJ, Arafat HA.
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CLITORIA TERNATEA (Sangu pushpam or Kakkanam) Indian ayurvedic remedy for filarial worms that cause elephantiasis and testicular hydrocele. Research by Alan MacDonald has shown that spirochete DNA is harbored in worms, meaning that blood worms like microfilaria may be a reservoir of infection, similar to biofilm. Anti-parasitic. Used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat filarial and helminth infections. The roots are ground and given in the dose of 1 to 2 gram for filariasis.The seeds are powdered and given in the dose of 1 to 2 grams for filariasis. In traditional Ayurvedic medicine, it is ascribed various qualities including memory enhancing, nootropic, antistress, anxiolytic, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, tranquilizing, and sedative properties
"Natural Products as a Source for Treating Neglected Parasitic Diseases," by Dieudonné Ndjonka,1,† Ludmila Nakamura Rapado,2,† Ariel M. Silber,2 Eva Liebau,3,* and Carsten Wrenger2,*
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PIPER BETEL Piperaceae family Anti helminth, antibacterial, antihistamine. Addictive.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE "Evaluation of antibacterial and anthelmintic activities with total phenolic contents of Piper betel leaves," by Kazi Nahid Akter,1 Palash Karmakar,1,* Abhijit Das,1 Shamima Nasrin Anonna,1 Sharmin Akter Shoma,1 and Mohammad Mafruhi Sattar2
LINK:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4224709/
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FICIN (Ficus glabrata) Is a well-known anti-worm remedy used in the tropics by the natives of South America and the Panama region. The latex gathered from these trees has been commercially exploited for decades because of its enzyme properties of papain and bromelain. Even though the enzymes in the plant digest living worms, it is well tolerated and nontoxic to humans when taken internally. Despite this, it still should not be used by pregnant women.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE: "Preclinical and clinical studies with latex from Ficus glabrata HBK, a traditional intestinal anthelminthic in the Amazonian area." by Hansson A, Veliz G, Naquira C, Amren M, Arroyo M, Arevalo G.
ABSTRACT Ficus glabrata latex has been a well-known anthelminthic remedy in the neotropical regions since ancient times. The latex has been commercially exploited for decades because of its content of the proteolytic enzyme-complex ficin. A safe dosage regimen with direct use of the latex has been elucidated to control intestinal helminthiasis in the Indian and non-Indian rural population. Helminthiasis was common in three Amazonian villages, field bases for the clinical study, with an overall prevalence of 92%. Specific prevalences were: Ascaris 68%, Strongyloides 42%, Trichuris 41%, Ancylostoma/Necator 26% and Taenia 1%. Variation in the biological activity of the latex was estimated by using a milk coagulating test. Pharmacological studies with live Ascaris demonstrated a lethal effect at concentrations down to 0.05% latex in physiological saline solution. A clinical trial on 181 persons has resulted in a recommended dosage of 1.0 cm3 of prepared latex/kg per day for 3 days to be repeated every 3 months.
[ 03-22-2017, 10:44 AM: Message edited by: WakeUp ]
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BLACK WALNUT- GREEN HULL Juglans Nigra ( also Juglans Regia) Anti parasite, antibiofilm, antispirochete. J. Nigra used by Dr. Hulda Clark in the treatment of parasites. Plumbagin (antifilarial) may be an active compound in Juglans Nigra.
Recent research by Ann Goc and Mathias Rath has confirmed anti spirochete, anti-cyst and anti-biofilm properties, Including an MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) of 100 for motile spirochetes, an MBC(minimal bactericidal concentration) of 250 for round forms and and an EC (effective concentration eradicating biofilm) of 500 for biofilm. (see link below)
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE: "The anti-borreliae efficacy of phytochemicals and micronutrients: an update" by Anna Goc and Matthias Rath
"Effects of extracts from Italian medicinal plants on planktonic growth, biofilm formation and adherence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus," by Quave CL1, Plano LR, Pantuso T, Bennett BC. (re: juglans regia)
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POLYALTHIA SUAVEOLENS - active compound is"Polycarpol"; family Annonaceae Significant activity against the vitality of the Onchocerca gutterosa male filarial worm.
"Natural Products as a Source for Treating Neglected Parasitic Diseases," by Dieudonné Ndjonka,1,† Ludmila Nakamura Rapado,2,† Ariel M. Silber,2 Eva Liebau,3,* and Carsten Wrenger2 LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3588050/Posts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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"Natural Products as a Source for Treating Neglected Parasitic Diseases," by Dieudonné Ndjonka,1,† Ludmila Nakamura Rapado,2,† Ariel M. Silber,2 Eva Liebau,3,* and Carsten Wrenger2 LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3588050/
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PLUMBAGO INDICA/ROSEA Macrofilaricidal- kills adult filaria. Active compound plumbagin.
Macrofilaricidal Activity of the Plant Plumbago indica/rosea In Vitro, Nisha Mathew,nK. P. Paily, Abidha, P. Vana mail, M. Kalyanasundaram, and K. BalaramanVector Control Research Centre (ICMR), Indira Nagar, Pondicherry, India
FDA approved drug with gold, used to treat arthritis. Macrofilaricidal (kills adult filarial worms)
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE "Repurposing auranofin as a lead candidate for treatment of lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis'" by Bulman CA1, Bidlow CM1, Lustigman S2, Cho-Ngwa F3, Williams D4, Rascón AA Jr5, Tricoche N2, Samje M3, Bell A2, Suzuki B1, Lim KC1, Supakorndej N6, Supakorndej P7, Wolfe AR8, Knudsen GM9, Chen S10, Wilson C10, Ang KH10, Arkin M10, Gut J1, Franklin C1, Marcellino C11, McKerrow JH12, Debnath A12, Sakanari JA1. LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700363
[ 10-11-2016, 09:51 AM: Message edited by: WakeUp ]
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PORIA COCOS; Sclerotium poriae cocos, aka Fu Ling A traditional chinese medicine, Poria Cocos is a fungus known in China as Fu Ling. Some Lyme/Morgellons patients have offered anecdotal evidence that this TCM herb provides relief equal to fenbendazole. It is not known whether Poria Cocos is microfilariacidal(juvenile) or macrofilariacidal (adult).
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IMATINIB MESYLATE-- tyrosine kinase inhibitor "Gleevec" FDA approved cancer drug. Also reduces beta amyloid plaques in Alzheimers and has recently been shown to be macrofilaricidal.
Spirochete DNA is often harbored in filarial worms, and worms may thus be a reservoir of infection.. An onchocerca-like microfilaria has been identified in deer ticks, Acanthocheilonema viteae.
Imatinib mesylate is shown to have macrofilaricidal potential, killing adult male and female Brugia pahangi worms in-vitro.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE: Investigations of Filarial Nematode Motility, Response to Drug Treatment, and Pathology byCharles S. Nutting
Targeting Filarial Abl-like Kinases: Orally Available, Food and Drug Administration-Approved Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Are Microfilaricidal and Macrofilaricidal. O'Connell EM1, Bennuru S1, Steel C1, Dolan MA2, Nutman TB1. LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25657255 ABSTRACT: Abstract BACKGROUND: Elimination of onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis is targeted for 2020. Given the coincident Loa loa infections in Central Africa and the potential for drug resistance development, the need for new microfilaricides and macrofilaricides has never been greater. With the genomes of L. loa, Onchocerca volvulus, Wuchereria bancrofti, and Brugia malayi available, new drug targets have been identified. METHODS: The effects of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib on B. malayi adult males, adult females, L3 larvae, and microfilariae were assessed using a wide dose range (0-100 µM) in vitro. RESULTS: For microfilariae, median inhibitory concentrations (IC50 values) on day 6 were 6.06 µM for imatinib, 3.72 µM for dasatinib, and 81.35 µM for nilotinib; for L3 larvae, 11.27 µM, 13.64 µM, and 70.98 µM, respectively; for adult males, 41.6 µM, 3.87 µM, and 68.22 µM, respectively; and for adult females, 42.89 µM, 9.8 µM, and >100 µM, respectively. Three-dimensional modeling suggests how these tyrosine kinase inhibitors bind and inhibit filarial protein activity. CONCLUSIONS: Given the safety of imatinib in humans, plans are underway for pilot clinical trials to assess its efficacy in patients with filarial infections.
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ARTEMISININ, isolated from ARTEMISIA ANNUA fam Asteraceae Also known as wormwood or sweet annie. Traditional chinese medicine known as "qinghao su." Chinese scientist Tu Youyou, was awarded half of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Medicine for rediscovery of this TCM. Antimalaria, anti-(protozoa, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, antischistosomal (worm), anti- trematode. Anecdotal activity against Morgellons lesions. Active compound is believed to be sesquiterpene lactone. Successful natural treatment for the malaria protozoan infection. May also be effective for tick related protozoan infections such as Babesia.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE "Impact of extended artesunate duration on parasitological outcome in a cytocidal murine malaria model," by Walker LA1, Sullivan DJ Jr2. LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28096162
"Artemisinin and its derivatives in treating protozoan infections beyond malaria," by Loo CS1, Lam NS1, Yu D1, Su XZ2, Lu F3. ABSTRACT: Parasitic protozoan diseases continue to rank among the world's greatest global health problems, which are also common among poor populations. Currently available drugs for treatment present drawbacks, urging the need for more effective, safer, and cheaper drugs. Artemisinin (ART) and its derivatives are some of the most important classes of antimalarial agents originally derived from Artemisia annua L. However, besides the outstanding antimalarial and antischistosomal activities, ART and its derivatives also possess activities against other parasitic protozoa. In this paper we review the activities of ART and its derivatives against protozoan parasites in vitro and in vivo, including Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Eimeria tenella, Acanthamoeba castellanii, Naegleria fowleri, Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Babesia spp. We conclude that ART and its derivatives may be good alternatives for treating other non-malarial protozoan infections in developing countries, although more studies are necessary before they can be applied clinically. LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27867026 --------- "Effect of Artemisia annua extract on treating active rheumatoid arthritis: A randomized controlled tria"l LINK: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11655-016-2650-7
[ 03-13-2017, 02:15 PM: Message edited by: WakeUp ]
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Acanthocheilonema viteae--BACKGROUND INFO A. Viteae is a rodent Filarial worm identified in deer ticks which may also harbor borrelia burgdorferi DNA, rickettsia-like organisms, and bartonella-like organisms. A. Viteae has Onchocerca-like characteristics. It is not known whether this worm can infect human beings. Unlike other filaria, it is not dependent on the wolbachia bacteria, hence doxycycline probably does not work to sterllize A. Viteae.
Research on filariacidal drugs effective against Acanthocheilonema viteae.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE "Experimental chemotherapy of filariasis: comparative evaluation of the efficacy of filaricidal compounds in Mastomys coucha infected with Litomosoides carinii, Acanthocheilonema viteae, Brugia malayi and B. pahangi. Zahner H1, Schares G. LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8094587
"Abstract Eleven types/classes of compound with antifilarial activity were comparatively evaluated in Mastomys coucha infected with Litomosoides carinii, Acanthocheilonema viteae, Brugia malayi or B. pahangi. The paper deals with the efficacy of (i) predominantly microfilaricidal compounds [diethylcarbamazine, levamisole, avermectins (ivermectin, milbemycin), nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin, hydroxymethylnitrofurantoin, nifurtimox, furazolidone, furapyrimidone), organophosphorals (metrifonate, haloxon), and aminophenyl-amidines], (ii) predominantly macrofilaricidal compounds [suramin, benzimidazoles (flubendazole, mebendazole, oxfendazole, ciclobendazole, albendazole, cambendazole, fenbendazole), and arsenicals (thiacetarsamide, Mel PH, R7/45)], and (iii) micro- and macrofilaricidal compounds [benzazole derivatives (CGP 20376 and other benzothiazoles) and nitrophenylamines (amoscanate, CGP 6140)]. Minimum effective doses against microfilariae and minimum curative doses against adult filariae as well as detailed data on dose-efficacy relationships are reported for the various drugs. The results obtained in M. coucha are compared with those published for other experimental in vivo filarial systems, thus attempting to describe a general status of in vivo antifilarial activity of the compounds." ------------
"Assessment of microfilarial loads in the skin of onchocerciasis patients after treatment with different regimens of doxycycline plus ivermectin," Debrah A.Y., Mand S., Marfo-Debrekyei Y., Larbi J., Adjei O. and Hoerauf A. Debrah A.Y., Mand S., Marfo-Debrekyei Y., Larbi J., Adjei O. and Hoerauf A. Filaria Journal 2006 5:- (10p)
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NEUROLAENA LOBATA "Jackass Bitters" -- Asteraceae Anti-parasitic. Guatemalan traditional medicine, recently found to be an effective macrofilaricide. Probable active compound is sesquiterpene dialdehyde. Also known by the names Jackass Bitters (you have to be a jackass to drink something so bitter), Zeb-a-pique, Tres Puntas, or La Gavilana.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE Natural Products as a Source for Treating Neglected Parasitic Diseases by Dieudonné Ndjonka,1,† Ludmila Nakamura Rapado,2,† Ariel M. Silber,2 Eva Liebau,3,* and Carsten Wrenger2,*
Macrofilaricidal and microfilaricidal effects of Neurolaena lobata, a Guatemalan medicinal plant, on Brugia pahangi. Fujimaki Y1, Kamachi T, Yanagi T, Cáceres A, Maki J, Aoki Y LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831109/
ABSTRACT: Twelve extracts of 11 Guatemalan medicinal plants were initially screened in vitro for potential macrofilaricidal activity against Brugia pahangi, a lymphatic dwelling filarial worm, using concentrations from 125 to 1000 microg ml(-1) of each extract that could be dissolved in the culture medium. Of 12 extracts used, the ethanol extract of leaves of Neurolaena lobata showed the strongest activity against the motility of adult worms. Subsequently, the extract of N. lobata was extensively examined in vitro for macro- and micro-filaricidal effects using a series of concentrations of 500, 250, 100, 50 and 10 microg ml(-1). The effects were assessed by worm motility, microfilarial release by female worms and a MTT assay. The effect on the motility of adult worms was observed in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The time required to stop motility of both sexes of adult worms was 6 h at 500 microg ml(-1), 24 h at 250 microg ml(-1), and 3 days for females and 4 days for males at 100 microg ml(-1). The movement of females ceased at 4 days at a concentration of 50 microg ml(-1) whereas the motility of males was only reduced. The loss of worm's viability was confirmed by the MTT assay and was similar to the motility results. These concentrations, including 10 microg ml(-1), prevented microfilarial release by females in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Concentrations higher than 100 microg ml(-1) even induced mortality of the microfilariae. The present study suggested that the ethanol extract of Neurolaena lobata has potential macro- and micro-filaricidal activities.
[ 03-08-2017, 04:51 PM: Message edited by: WakeUp ]
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MAMMEA AMERICANA-- Yellow Mamey Anti bacterial, anti-trypanosomal, anti-nematode, anti mycobacterial, possibly antispirochaetal. Is used as a treatment for skin parasites. Active ingredient may be xanthones which are also found in mangosteen, a related plant. Should be distinguished from Mamey Sapote, which is a different plant.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE Susceptibility of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans to Antibacterial Effect from Mammea americana. Herrera Herrera A1, Franco Ospina L2, Fang L1, Díaz Caballero A1. LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24864137
Trypanocidal constituents in plants: 7. Mammea-type coumarins. Reyes-Chilpa R1, Estrada-Muñiz E, Vega-Avila E, Abe F, Kinjo J, Hernández-Ortega S.
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BRUCEA JAVANICA Simaroubaceae Now used in the Buhner protocol for Babesia, a protozoan parasite that infects red blood cells. Probable active compounds are quassinoids, a potent group of natural products possessing antimalarial, insecticidal, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties.
PEER REVIEW SCIENCE: "The effects of extracts from anti-diarrheic Thai medicinal plants on the in vitro growth of the intestinal protozoa parasite: Blastocystis hominis" by Sawangjaroen N1, Sawangjaroen K. RESULTS SUMMARY Dichloromethane and methanol extracts from the Brucea javanica seed and a methanol extract from Quercus infectoria nut gall showed the highest activity. At a concentration of 2000 microg/mL, the three extracts killed 82, 75 and 67% of the Blastocystis hominis samples tested and inhibited 94, 100 and 76% of them, respectively.
Metronidazole, used as a reference antiprotozoan drug, at a concentration of 40 microg/mL, killed 97% of the Blastocystis hominis isolates and inhibited all samples tested at concentrations that ranged from 1.25 to 20 microg/mL." LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=brucea+javanica+protozoanPosts: 696 | From New York | Registered: Aug 2006
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ABSTRACT: The amino acid L-arginine inhibits bacterial coaggregation, is involved in cell-cell signaling, and alters bacterial metabolism in a broad range of species present in the human oral cavity. Given the range of effects of L-arginine on bacteria, we hypothesized that L-arginine might alter multi-species oral biofilm development and cause developed multi-species biofilms to disassemble. Because of these potential biofilm-destabilizing effects, we also hypothesized that L-arginine might enhance the efficacy of antimicrobials that normally cannot rapidly penetrate biofilms. A static microplate biofilm system and a controlled-flow microfluidic system were used to develop multi-species oral biofilms derived from pooled unfiltered cell-containing saliva (CCS) in pooled filter-sterilized cell-free saliva (CFS) at 37oC. The addition of pH neutral L-arginine monohydrochloride (LAHCl) to CFS was found to exert negligible antimicrobial effects but significantly altered biofilm architecture in a concentration-dependent manner. Under controlled flow, the biovolume of biofilms (μm3/μm2) developed in saliva containing 100-500 mM LAHCl were up to two orders of magnitude less than when developed without LAHCI. Culture-independent community analysis demonstrated that 500 mM LAHCl substantially altered biofilm species composition: the proportion of Streptococcus and Veillonella species increased and the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria such as Neisseria and Aggregatibacter species was reduced. Adding LAHCl to pre-formed biofilms also reduced biovolume, presumably by altering cell-cell interactions and causing cell detachment. Furthermore, supplementing 0.01% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), an antimicrobial commonly used for the treatment of dental plaque, with 500 mM LAHCl resulted in greater penetration of CPC into the biofilms and significantly greater killing compared to a non-supplemented 0.01% CPC solution. Collectively, this work demonstrates that LAHCl moderates multi-species oral biofilm development and community composition and enhances the activity of CPC. The incorporation of LAHCl into oral healthcare products may be useful for enhanced biofilm control.
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